参考文献/References:
［1］PECORELLI S. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the vulva, cervix, and endometrium ［J］. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2009, 105(2): 103-104.
［2］谢玲玲，林荣春，林仲秋．《FIGO2018癌症报告》外阴癌诊治指南解读 ［J］．中国实用妇科与产科杂志，2019，35（6）：660-665．
［3］LAWRIE T A, PATEL A, MARTIN-HIRSCH P P, et al. Sentinel node assessment for diagnosis of groin lymph node involvement in vulval cancer ［J］. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2014(6): CD010409.
［4］COLEMAN R L, ALI S, LEVENBACK C F, et al. Is bilateral lymphadenectomy for midline squamous carcinoma of the vulva always necessary? An analysis from Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) 173 ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2013, 128(2): 155-159.
［5］HACKER NF,EIFEL PJ,VAN Der Velden J. Cancer of the vulva ［J］. Int J Gynaecol Obstet，2015, 131（Suppl 2）:S76-83.
［6］GONZALEZ BOSQUET J, MAGRINA J F, MAGTIBAY P M, et al. Patterns of inguinal groin metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2007, 105(3): 742-746.
［7］谢玲玲，林荣春，冯凤芝，等. 2019NCCN外阴鳞癌临床实践指南（第1版）解读 ［J］.中国实用妇科与产科杂志.2018,34（10）:1119-1124.
［8］BAIOCCHI G, SILVA CESTARI F M, ROCHA R , et al. Prognostic value of the number and laterality of metastatic inguinal lymph nodes in vulvar cancer: Revisiting the FIGO staging system ［J］. EJSO, 2013, 39(7): 780-785.
［9］VAN BEEKHUIZEN H J, AUZIN M, VAN DEN EINDEN L C, et al. Lymph node count at inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy and groin recurrences in vulvar cancer ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2014, 24(4): 773-778.
［10］张梦蕾，张旭垠，华克勤，等．外阴癌腹股沟淋巴结清扫术的研究进展 ［J］．现代妇产科进展，2016，25（9）：696-699, 702．
［11］ROGERS L J, CUELLO M A. Cancer of the vulva ［J］. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2018, 143(2, SI): 4-13.
［12］MICHELETTI L, BOGLIATTO F, MASSOBRIO M. Groin lymphadenectomy with preservation of femoral fascia:total inguinofemoral node dissection for treatment of vulvar carcinoma ［J］. World Journal of Surgery, 2005, 29(10): 1268-1276.
［13］ZHANG Xiao-ling, SHENG Xiu-gui, NIU Jun, et al. Sparing of saphenous vein during inguinal lymphadenectomy for vulval malignancies ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2007, 105(3): 722-726.
［14］TRANOULIS A, LAIOS A, THEOPHILOU G A, et al. The impact of saphenous vein sparing during inguinal lymphadenectomy on postoperative morbidity in women with vulval cancer: an updated Per-Groin meta-analysis of short-term outcomes ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2018, 28(6): 1232-1238.
［15］GENTILESCHI S, SERVILLO M, GARGANESE G A, et al. The lymphatic superficial circumflex iliac vessels deep branch perforator flap: A new preventive approach to lower limb lymphedema after groin dissection-preliminary evidence ［J］. Microsurgery, 2017, 37(6): 564-573.
［16］MOROTTI M, MENADA M V, BOCCARDO F A, et al. Lymphedema microsurgical preventive healing approach for primary prevention of lower limb lymphedema after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for vulvar cancer ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2013, 23(4): 769-774.
［17］POUWER A W, ARTS H J， Van der velden J,et al.limiting the morbidity of inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer patients:a review ［J］. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2017, 17(7): 615-624.
［18］BAGGIO S, LAGANA A S, GARZON S, et al. Efficacy of a collagen-fibrin sealant patch (TachoSil (R)) as adjuvant treatment in the inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for vulvar cancer: a double-blind randomized-controlled trial ［J］. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2019, 299(5): 1467-1474.
［19］WILLS A, OBERMAIR A. A review of complications associated with the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2013, 131(2): 467-479.
［20］PONTRE J, HARDING J, CHIVERS P, et al. Do groin drains reduce postoperative morbidity in women undergoing inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for vulvar cancer? ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2018, 28(1): 183-187.
［21］HINTEN F, VAN DEN EINDEN L , HENDRIKS J , et al. Risk factors for short- and long-term complications after groin surgery in vulvar cancer ［J］. British Journal of Cancer, 2011, 105(9): 1279-1287.
［22］POUWER A W, HINTEN F, VAN DER VELDEN J, et al. Volume-controlled versus short drainage after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer patients: A Dutch nationwide prospective study ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2017, 146(3): 580-587.
［23］WALKER K F, DAY H, ABU J, et al. Do surgical techniques used in groin lymphadenectomy for vulval cancer affect morbidity rates? ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2011, 21(8): 1495-1499.
［24］ENNIK T A, ALLEN D G, BEKKERS R L, et al. Effects of previous surgery on the detection of sentinel nodes in women with vulvar cancer ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2011, 21(9): 1679-1683.
［25］LEVENBACK C F, ALI S, COLEMAN R L, et al. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in women with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a gynecologic oncology group study ［J］. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012, 30(31): 3786-3791.
［26］VAN DER ZEE A G, OONK M H, DE Hullu-ja, et al. Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer ［J］. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2008, 26(6): 884-889.
［27］COVENS A, Vella. Kennedy EB,et al.sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulvar cancer:systematic review,meta-analysis and guideline recommendations ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2015, 137(2): 351-361.
［28］BRINCAT M R, BARON Y M. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of vulvar carcinoma an Evidence-Based insight ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2017, 27(8): 1769-1773.
［29］OONK M H, VAN HEMEL B M, HOLLEMA H, et al. Size of sentinel-node metastasis and chances of non-sentinel-node involvement and survival in early stage vulvar cancer: results from GROINSS-V, a multicentre observational study ［J］. Lancet Oncology, 2010, 11(7): 646-652.
［30］OONK M , VAN OS M A, DE BOCK G H, et al. A comparison of quality of life between vulvar cancer patients after sentinel lymph node procedure only and inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2009, 113(3): 301-305.
［31］KLAPDOR R, HILLEMANNS P, WOELBER L A, et al. Outcome after sentinel lymph node dissection in vulvar cancer: a subgroup analysis of the AGO-CaRE-1 study ［J］. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2017, 24(5): 1314-1321.
［32］TE GROOTENHUIS N C, VAN DER ZEE A , VAN DOORN H , et al. Sentinel nodes in vulvar cancer: Long-term follow-up of the groningen international study on sentinel nodes in vulvar cancer (GROINSS-V) I ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2016, 140(1): 8-14.
［33］CUI Zeng-ying, WANG Yi-feng, CHEN Gen-wao, et al. Application of video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy in radical vulvectomy for carcinoma ［J］. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2013, 93(21): 1653-1656.
［34］CHEN G, WANG Y, WANG Y, et al. Video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy via hypogastric/limb subcutaneous approach for early-stage vulvar cancer ［J］. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2014, 94(1): 39-42.
［35］WANG H, LI L, YAO D, et al. Preliminary experience of performing a video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy using a hypogastric subcutaneous approach in patients with vulvar cancer ［J］. Oncology Letters, 2015, 9(2): 752-756.
［36］LIU Chai-e, LU Yan, YAO De-sheng. Feasibility and safety of video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer: a systematic review ［J］. PLOS One, 2015, 10(10): e0140873.
［37］ZHANG Meng-lei, CHEN Li-mei, ZHANG Xu-yin, et al. A comparative study of video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy and conventional open inguinal lymphadenectomy for treating vulvar cancer ［J］. Int J Gynecol Cancer, 2017, 27(9): 1983-1989.
［38］MOHAMMAD A, HUNTER M I. Robot-assisted Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection Using Near-infrared Fluorescence in Vulvar Cancer ［J］. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, 2019, 26(5): 968-972.
［39］WU Qiang, GONG Zhen, ZHAO Yi-bing, et al. Video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy via 3-incision lateral approach for vulvar cancers our preliminary outcome of 37 cases ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2016, 26(9): 1706-1711.
［40］JAIN V, SEKHON R, GIRI S, et al. Robotic-Assisted video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy in carcinoma vulva: our experiences and intermediate results ［J］. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2017, 27(1): 159-165.
［41］BUTLER J , MILLIKEN D A, DINA R, et al. Isolated groin recurrence in vulval squamous cell cancer (VSCC). The importance of node count ［J］. European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology, 2010, 31(5): 510-513.
［42］NICA A, COVENS A, VICUS D, et al. Sentinel lymph nodes in vulvar cancer:Management dilemmas in patients with positive nodes and larger tumors ［J］. Gynecologic Oncology, 2019, 152(1): 94-100